Cancer Drug Classes

25 drug classes

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Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor
Small molecules that block tyrosine kinase enzymes driving cancer cell proliferation. Examples: imatinib, osimertinib, alectinib, sorafenib, lenvatinib.
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Monoclonal Antibody
Lab-engineered antibodies targeting specific cancer-related proteins. Examples: rituximab, trastuzumab, cetuximab, pembrolizumab, daratumumab.
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Antibody Drug Conjugate
Antibody linked to a cytotoxic payload, delivering chemotherapy directly to cancer cells. Examples: trastuzumab deruxtecan (Enhertu), enfortumab vedotin (Padcev), sacituzumab govitecan (Trodelvy).
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Bispecific Antibody
Engineered antibody binding two targets simultaneously, often a tumor antigen and CD3 to redirect T cells. Examples: blinatumomab, teclistamab, talquetamab, mosunetuzumab.
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Checkpoint Inhibitor
Antibodies blocking PD-1, PD-L1, or CTLA-4 to unleash anti-tumor immunity. Examples: pembrolizumab, nivolumab, atezolizumab, ipilimumab, durvalumab.
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PARP Inhibitor
Drugs blocking PARP enzymes involved in DNA repair. Particularly effective in BRCA-mutated and HRD-positive cancers. Examples: olaparib, niraparib, rucaparib, talazoparib.
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CDK4/6 Inhibitor
Drugs blocking CDK4 and CDK6 enzymes driving cell cycle progression. Standard of care in HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer. Examples: palbociclib, ribociclib, abemaciclib.
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mTOR Inhibitor
Drugs blocking the mTOR signaling pathway. Examples: everolimus, temsirolimus, sirolimus.
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Proteasome Inhibitor
Drugs blocking the proteasome, foundational in multiple myeloma. Examples: bortezomib, carfilzomib, ixazomib.
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Immunomodulatory Drug
Drugs modulating the immune system, foundational in multiple myeloma. Examples: lenalidomide, pomalidomide, thalidomide.
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BCL-2 Inhibitor
Drugs blocking BCL-2 to trigger cancer cell death. Venetoclax approved for CLL and AML.
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BTK Inhibitor
Drugs blocking Bruton's tyrosine kinase, key in B-cell signaling. Examples: ibrutinib, acalabrutinib, zanubrutinib.
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Alkylating Agent
Chemotherapy drugs that damage DNA via alkylation. Examples: cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, temozolomide, melphalan.
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Antimetabolite
Chemotherapy drugs interfering with DNA synthesis. Examples: methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, gemcitabine, capecitabine.
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Anthracycline
Chemotherapy class with topoisomerase II activity. Examples: doxorubicin, daunorubicin, epirubicin, idarubicin.
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Platinum Agent
Chemotherapy class crosslinking DNA. Examples: cisplatin, carboplatin, oxaliplatin.
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Taxane
Chemotherapy class disrupting microtubules. Examples: paclitaxel, docetaxel, nab-paclitaxel.
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Topoisomerase Inhibitor
Chemotherapy class blocking topoisomerase enzymes. Examples: irinotecan, etoposide, topotecan.
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Aromatase Inhibitor
Hormone therapy blocking estrogen production. Examples: anastrozole, letrozole, exemestane.
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Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator
Drugs modulating estrogen receptor activity. Tamoxifen is the prototype.
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Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader
Drugs degrading estrogen receptors. Examples: fulvestrant, elacestrant.
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Androgen Receptor Inhibitor
Drugs blocking androgen receptor signaling in prostate cancer. Examples: enzalutamide, apalutamide, darolutamide, abiraterone.
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CAR-T Product
Approved CAR-T cell therapies. Examples: tisagenlecleucel (Kymriah), axicabtagene ciloleucel (Yescarta), idecabtagene vicleucel (Abecma), ciltacabtagene autoleucel (Carvykti), Actalycabtagene autoleucel (NexCAR19).
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Gene Therapy Product
Approved gene therapies. Examples: exa-cel (Casgevy), lovo-cel (Lyfgenia), beti-cel (Zynteglo), Gendicine.
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